toki Satu
| toki Satu toki Sasinja toki Satenja Sardu | |
|---|---|
| kalama | /ˈsaɾdu/ |
| ma | ma Italija |
| kulupu toki | Palata Elopa |
| nasin sitelen | sitelen Lasina |
| nanpa toki | |
| ISO 639-1 | sc
|
| ISO 639-2 | srd
|
| ISO 639-3 | srd
|
| Glottolog | sard1257
|
| |
| loje la, toki Satu. nasin ante pi toki Satu li loje pi nasin ante. | |
| toki li ni lukin | |
| toki pi ken jan pi ma ale [lipu tan] | |
| Totu sos èsseres umanos naschint lìberos e eguales in dinnidade e in deretos. Issos tenent sa resone e sa cussèntzia e depent operare s'unu cun s'àteru cun ispìritu de fraternidade. | |
toki Satu (toki Satu: sardu, limba sarda, lingua sarda) anu toki Sasinja anu toki Satenja li toki pi kulupu toki Loma. jan li toki ni lon ma Sasinja. tenpo sike nanpa 2016 la, jan 1350000 li toki e toki ni. kulupu toki Lasina la, ona li sama toki ante ala pi tenpo lon.
jan mute li toki e ni: toki li sama toki Lasina la, toki Satu li nanpa wan. taso, toki ante li ante e toki Satu; kulupu Lasina li lon ala ma Satenja la, jan li toki Nulake li toki Katata; kulupu Satu li lon la, toki Lomaki en toki Katala en toki Kateja en toki Italija li lon. ni li tan ni: ma mute li lawa e ma Satenja lon tenpo ante. tenpo ni la, ma Satenja li kipisi pi ma Italija, la jan li toki Satu li toki Italija.
kalama en sitelen[o ante | o ante e toki ilo]
kalama pi uta pini[o ante | o ante e toki ilo]
| lupa sinpin uta | nena uta kiwen | nena lon monsi pi nena uta kiwen | monsi pi nena pi monsi pi nena uta kiwen | meso uta | sinpin pi lupa monsi uta | ||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| tenpo wan wawa | kon taso | p | t | t͡s | t͡ʃ† | k | |
| kon en kalama lupa | b | d | d͡z | ɖ | d͡ʒ† | ɡ | |
| kon wawa | kon taso | f | θ‡ | s | ʃ† | ||
| kon en kalama lupa | v† | ʒ† | |||||
| nena sinpin | m | n | ɲ† | ||||
| tenpo mute | r | ||||||
| lon poka | w† | l | j | ||||
† kalama ni li lon nasin pi ale ala.
‡ nasin Nukolo en nasin ante lili la, kalama ni li lon nasin ni taso.
kalama pi uta open[o ante | o ante e toki ilo]
| sinpin | meso | monsi | |
|---|---|---|---|
| sewi | i | u | |
| sewi meso | e† | o† | |
| anpa meso | ɛ | ɔ | |
| anpa | a |
† kalama ni li lon nasin Kanpitanu taso.
sitelen en kalama ona[o ante | o ante e toki ilo]
| LSC | LSU | nasin Lokutolu | nasin Nukolo | nasin Kanpitanu | LSC | LSU | nasin Lokutolu | nasin Nukolo | nasin Kanpitanu | |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| sitelen | kalama lon nasin IPA | |||||||||
| tenpo ale | ch / c | ch / c | ch / c | ch / c | c | k | k | k | k | tʃ/k |
| t | t | t | t | t | t | t | t | t | t | |
| th | θ | |||||||||
| f | f | f | f | |||||||
| p | p | p | p | p | p | p | p | p | p | |
| gh / g | gh / g | gh / g | g | ɣ / g | g | g | dʒ/g | |||
| g / gi | g / gi | dʒ | dʒ | |||||||
| gi | z | z | j | ? | dʒ | dz | dz | j | ? | |
| r | r | r | r | r | ɾ | ɾ | ɾ | ɾ | ɾ | |
| v | v | v | v | |||||||
| open nimi | gh / g | g | ||||||||
| c / ci | ʒ, tʃ | |||||||||
| d | d | t (d) | t (d) | t (d) | d | ? | d | d | d | |
| f | f | f | v | v | v | |||||
| b | b | p (b) | p (b) | p (b) | β / b | b | β | β | β | |
| s | s | s | s | s | s | s | s | s | s | |
| kalama meso li lon poka ale | gh / g | ɣ | ||||||||
| j | j | j | j | j | j | j | j | j | j | |
| x | ʒ | |||||||||
| s | s | s | s | s | z | z | z / s | z / s | z / s | |
| d | d | d | d | d | ð | ð | ð | ð | ð | |
| v | v | v | v | v | v | |||||
| b | b | b | b | b | β | b | β | β | β | |
| c / ci | tʃ | |||||||||
| kulupu | ll | ll | ll | ll | ll | l | l | l | l | l |
| rr | rr | rr | rr | rr | r | r | r | r | r | |
| dd | dd | dd | dd | dd | ɖ | ɖ | ɖɖ | ɖɖ | ɖɖ | |
| nn | nn | nn | nn | nn | n | n | n | n | n | |
| bb | bb | bb | bb | bb | b | b | b | b | b | |
| mm | mm | mm | mm | mm | m | m | m | m | m | |
| nd | ɳɖ | |||||||||
| ss | ss | ss | ss | ss | s | s | ss | ss | ss | |
| tt | t | |||||||||
| pini nimi | t | t | t | t | t | d | d | d | d | |
kalama pona pi pini nimi[o ante | o ante e toki ilo]
nimi ale la, kalama meso li lon pini nimi. sitelen open pini li lon pini nimi la, kalama meso li lon kalama lon sitelen ala. nasin Kanpitanu la, kalama I li lon; nasin Lokutolu la, kalama pi lon poka pini nimi li lon. wan la, nimi Cras li jo e kalama Crasi lon nasin Kanpitanu, e kalama Crasa lon nasin Lokutolu.
kalama pi tenpo wan wawa li kama kalama kon[o ante | o ante e toki ilo]
sitelen open pini pi tenpo wan wawa li jo e kalama kon e kalama lupa la, kalama meso li lon poka ale ona la, kalama pi sitelen ni li kama kalama kon pi kalama lupa. kalama R li ala tawa nasin ni. kalama /g/ li ken weka. ni la:
- sitelen Baba li jo e kalama [baβa] - telo uta
- sitelen Sa Baba li jo e kalama [sa βaβa] - telo uta
- sitelen Lardu li jo e kalama [larðu] - ko sijelo pi poki wawa
- sitelen Su Gatu li jo e kalama [su atu] - soweli wan
- sitelen Sos Gattos li jo e kalama [soz ɣatozo] - soweli mute
sitelen ante li ken kama jo e kalama lupa pi kon wawa. ni li lon nasin Kanpitanu lon nasin Lokutolu lon nasin Nukolo ala. ni la:
- sitelen Su Cane li jo e kalama [su ɣane] - soweli wan
- sitelen Su Frade li jo e kalama [su vraðe] - jan wan pi mama sama
- sitelen Sa Terra li jo e kalama [sa ðerra] - ma
- sitelen Su Pane li jo e kalama [su βane] - pan
kalama pi kama wawa[o ante | o ante e toki ilo]
sitelen tu sama li lon poka la, kalama ona li kama wawa.
kalama open pini tu li lon poka li sama lon toki Lasina la, ona li kama kalama wan wawa sama lon toki Satu. taso, kalama open pini li ken lon pini nimi lon toki Lasina, la ante ni li ken ante e kulupu pi nimi tu. nimi lili taso li nasin ni. ona li ni:
- nimi Ne, tan nimi Nec
- nimi Che, tan nimi Quo Et
- nimi A, tan nim Ac
- nimi A, tan nimi Ad
- nimi A, tan nimi Aut
- nimi E, tan nimi Et
nimi wan ante li lon. ona li nasin ni ala lon toki Lasina, taso ona li jo e nasin pi kama ante lon toki Italija. ni li nimi Tra lon toki Satu lon toki Italija.
- sitelen A Nùgoro li jo e kalama Annùgoro
- sitelen Che Maccu li jo e kalama Chemmaccu
- sitelen E S'Alghiera li jo e kalama Essalghiera
- sitelen A Ti li jo e kalama Attì
nasin nimi lon toki[o ante | o ante e toki ilo]
nimi sijelo[o ante | o ante e toki ilo]
- jan li toki e ijo wan la, nimi li nasin open. ijo tu anu ijo mute la, nimi li jo e kipisi namako "-s". ni li tan kipisi namako ni pi toki Lasina: ona li sama nimi "e" pi toki pona. nasin pi ale ala la, kipisi namako ni li ken ante e kalama meso pi lon pini nimi. wan la: toki Sardu wan, toki Sardus mute, toki Sardos mute.
- jan li toki e ijo sona la, ona li kepeken nimi namako "su". ni li tan nimi "ipse" pi toki Lasina. toki ante pi kulupu Lasina la, nimi namako li tan nimi "ille" pi toki Lasina.
nimi pali[o ante | o ante e toki ilo]
nimi pali li jo e nasin mute. nimi pali ale la, nasin nanpa wan la, kalama "re" li lon pini nimi. nimi pali li lon kulupu tu wan; kalama ante li lon pini pi nimi pi kulupu ante; kulupu nanpa wan la kalama "are", kulupu nanpa tu la kalama "ere", kulupu nanpa tu wan la kalama "ire".
nasin li ken ante tan ni: jan ante li pali, jan pi mute ante li pali, jan li pali lon tenpo ante, ken pali li ante, wile pali li ante. jan la, nasin luka wan li lon, li sama ni: mi wan, en sina wan, en ona wan, en mi mute, en sina mute, en ona mute. sitelen anpa la, ona li nasin ni.
| kalama uta | pilin monsuta | pini | ||
| nasin open | cantare | tìmere | finire | |
| namako | tenpo lon | cantende | timende | finende |
| tenpo pini | cantadu | tìmidu | finidu | |
| ijo li ni | tenpo lon | canto cantas cantat cantamus cantades cantant | timo times timet timimus timides timent | fino finis finit finimus finides finent |
| tenpo pini | cantaia cantaias cantaiat cantaìamus cantaiais cantaiant | timia timias timiat timìamus timiais timiant | finia finias finiat finìamus finiais finiant | |
| ijo li ken ni | tenpo lon | cante cantes cantet cantemus canteis cantent | tima timas timat timamus timais timant | fina finas finat finamus finais finant |
| tenpo pini | cantare cantares cantaret cantaremus cantareis cantarent | timere timeres timeret timeremus timereis timerent | finire finires finiret finiremus finireis finirent | |
| sina o ni | canta cantade | time timide | fini finais | |