lipu "toki Sonko" la tenpo tu la ante li ni

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toki Sonko (o ante)

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→‎kalama pi pana e kon: mi pona sin e nimi lawa
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{{poki sona toki|nimi toki=toki Sonko|nimi mama=汉语|kulupu toki=Sonko Po|ma=ma Sonko
{{poki sona toki
|nimi toki=toki Sonko
|nimi mama=汉语
|kulupu toki=Sonko Po
|ma=ma Sonko
[[ma tomo Onkon]] <br />  <!--Hong Kong-->
[[ma tomo Onkon]] <br />  <!--Hong Kong-->
[[ma tomo Omen]] <br />  <!--Macau-->
[[ma tomo Omun]] <br />  <!--Macau-->
[[ma Tawan]] <br /> <!--Taiwan-->
[[ma Tawan]] <br /> <!--Taiwan-->
[[ma Sinkapo]] <br /> <!--Singapore-->
[[ma Sinkapo]] <br /> <!--Singapore-->
kulupu pi ma mute|nasin sitelen=sitelen Sonko pi tenpo pini<br>sitelen Sonko sin|ISO 639-1=zh|ISO 639-2=chi / zho|ISO 639-3=zho}}{{nimi ijo|'''toki Sonko'''|汉语|toki Sonko|ipa=|}} li toki pi [[ma Sonko]]. jan pi mute suli li toki kepeken toki Sonko.
kulupu pi ma mute
|nasin sitelen=[[sitelen Sonko]] pi tenpo pini<br>sitelen Sonko pona
|ISO 639-1=zh
|ISO 639-2=chi / zho
|ISO 639-3=zho}}
{{nimi ijo|'''toki Sonko'''|汉语|toki Sonko|ipa=|}} li toki pi [[ma Sonko]]. nanpa jan pi toki mama la, ona li toki nanpa wan lon ma ale. taso, "toki Sonko" li toki wan ala li [[kulupu toki Sonko|kulupu mama toki]]. ken la, toki Sonko li nimi pi nasin toki pi [[kulupu lawa]] pi ma Sonko. toki lawa Sonko (anu {{nimi ijo|"toki Putonwa"|普通话, 普通話, Pǔtōnghuà}}) li kama tan {{nimi ijo|[[toki Kunwa|kulupu toki Kunwa]]|官话, 官話, Guānhuà}}.


{{nimi ijo|toki Sonko nasin|Standard Chinese|toki Inli||ipa=}} li toki pi ma mute. ona li toki lawa pi [[ma Sonko]] li toki lon [[ma Tawan]], lon [[ma Sinkapo]], lon [[kulupu pi ma mute]].
toki Sonko li toki pi ma mute. ona li toki lawa pi [[ma Sonko]] li toki lon [[ma Tawan]], lon [[ma Sinkapo]], lon ma mute ante. ante mute pi toki Sonko li lon. sitelen la ona ale li sama mute. taso toki kalama la ona li ante mute.


sin la ante mute pi toki Sonko li lon. sitelen la ona ale li sama mute. taso toki kalama la ona li ante mute.
== kalama ==
ni li kalama pi toki Sonko lawa. taso, ni li kalama ala pi toki ante Sonko.


jan pi mute suli nanpa wan li toki kepeken toki Sonko pi {{nimi ijo|[[ma tomo Pesin]]|北京 / Běijīng|toki Sonko|ma tomo lawa pi nasin lete}}. nimi pi ante ona li "{{nimi ijo|toki Kanwa|官話/官话/Guānhuà|toki Sonko|toki pi kulupu lawa}}". kulupu toki ante li lon. ni li kulupu toki suli:
=== kalama suli ===
{| class="wikitable"
! colspan="2" |
!open uta
!uta sewi sinpin
!linja uta monsi
!supa pi uta sewi
!uta sewi monsi
|-
| colspan="2" |nena
|m
|n
| colspan="2" rowspan="3" |
|ŋ
|-
| rowspan="2" |pini kalama
|kon
|pʰ
|tʰ
|kʰ
|-
|kon ala
|p
|t
|k
|-
| rowspan="2" |pini kalama lili
|kon
| rowspan="2" |
|t͡sʰ
|ʈ͡ʂʰ
|t͡ɕʰ
| rowspan="2" |
|-
|kon ala
|t͡s
|ʈ͡ʂ
|t͡ɕ
|-
| colspan="2" |pini lili
|f
|s
|ʂ
|ɕ
|x
|-
| colspan="2" |kalama telo
|w
|l
|ʐ~ɻ
|j, ɥ
|
|}


* {{nimi ijo|kulupu toki Min|闽语/閩語/Mǐn yǔ}}. {{nimi ijo|toki Panlan|閩南語/闽南语}} en toki ante li lon kulupu toki Min.
=== kalama lili ===
* {{nimi ijo|kulupu toki U|吴/吳/Wú}}. {{nimi ijo|toki Sanwe|上海話/上海话}} en toki ante li lon kulupu toki U.
kalama lili pi toki Sonko li nasa mute
* {{nimi ijo|kulupu toki Juwe|粵語/粤语}}. toki pi {{nimi ijo|[[ma tomo Onkon]]|香港}} en toki ante li lon kulupu toki Juwe.
{| class="wikitable"
!
! colspan="2" |sinpin
!meso
!monsi
|-
!sewi
|i
|y
|ɨ
|u
|-
!insa
| colspan="2" |e
|ə
|o
|-
!anpa
| colspan="2" |
|a
|
|}
{| class="wikitable"
! rowspan="2" |kalama lili
! rowspan="2" |meso kalama
! colspan="5" |kalama pini
|-
!-
!-j
!-w
!-n
!-ŋ
|-
! rowspan="3" |-
!-a-
|a
|aj
|aw
|an
|aŋ
|-
!-ə-
|ə
|ej
|ow
|ən
|əŋ
|-
!-ɨ-
|ɨ
| colspan="4" |
|-
! rowspan="3" |-j-
!-ja-
|ja
| rowspan="3" |
|jaw
| rowspan="2" |jen
| rowspan="2" |jaŋ
|-
!-je-
|je
| rowspan="2" |jow
|-
!-(j)i-
|(j)i
|(j)in
|(j)iŋ
|-
! rowspan="3" |-w-
!-wa-
|wa
|waj
| rowspan="3" |
|wan
|waŋ
|-
!-wo-
|wo
| rowspan="2" |wej
|wən
|wəŋ
|-
!-(w)u-
|(w)u
|(w)un
|(w)uŋ
|-
! rowspan="2" |-ɥ-
!-y-
|y
| colspan="2" rowspan="2" |
|yn
| rowspan="2" |
|-
!-ɥe-
|ɥe
|ɥen
|}
 
=== kalama pi pana kon ===
{| class="wikitable"
! colspan="2" |nanpa kalama
|1
|2
|3
|4
|5
|-
! colspan="2" |toki
|sewi
|tawa sewi
|tawa anpa en sewi
|tawa anpa
|nasa ala
|-
! colspan="2" |toki ilo Pinin
|ā
|á
|ǎ
|à
|a
|-
! rowspan="3" |kalama lawa
!pali mute (ma tomo Pesin)
|˥ 55, ˦ 44
|˨˥ 25
|˨˩˨ 21(2)
|˥˨ 52, ˥˧ 53
| rowspan="4" |''(mute)''
|-
!pali mute (ma tomo Tape)
|˦ 44
|˧˨˧ 323
|˧˩˨ 31(2)
|˥˨ 52, ˥˧ 53
|-
!pali mute ante
|˥˦ 54, ˦˥ 45
|˧˨˥ 325, ˨˦ 24
|˨˩˧ 21(3), ˨ 22
|˦˨ 42
|-
! colspan="2" |sitelen kalama pi sitelen Apije
|/á/
|/ǎ/ [a᷄]
|/à/ [à̤, a̤᷆, a̤᷉]
|/â/
|-
! colspan="2" |nimi pi kalama pi pana kon
|陰平(阴平)
''yīnpíng''
|陽平(阳平)
''yángpíng''
|上
''shǎng''
|去
''qù''
|輕(轻)
''qīng''
|-
! colspan="2" |lukin
|巴/bā
|拔/bá
|把/bǎ
|爸/bà
|吧/ba
|}
 
== toki ante ==
toki Sonko li toki wan ala li kulupu pi toki mute. toki lawa pi ma Sonko kama tan toki pi [[ma tomo Pesin]]. nimi pi toki ni li "toki Putonwa". toki Sonko la, nimi ni li "toki pi jan mute" anu "toki lawa". jan mute pi ma Sonko li ken toki e toki Sonko lawa. taso, jan mute pi ma Sonko li ken toki e toki ante mute. ma Sonko la, ma lili ali en ma tomo ali li jo e toki ante. jan pi sona toki li kulupu e toki ante ni. ni li kulupu suli:
 
* {{nimi ijo|[[toki Kunwa|kulupu toki Kunwa]]|官话/官話}}. toki lawa Sonko li kama tan kulupu ni.
* {{nimi ijo|kulupu toki Min|閩語/闽语}}. kulupu suli pi toki Min li tu: toki Min pi lon poka telo suli en toki Min insa. toki pi ma Tawan (台灣話/台湾话) en toki ante li lon kulupu toki Min.
* {{nimi ijo|[[toki Ju|kulupu toki Ju]]|(吳/吴)}}. toki Sane (上海話/上海话) en toki ante li lon kulupu toki Ju.
* {{nimi ijo|[[toki Jute|kulupu toki Jute]]|粵語/粤语|||ipa=}}. toki pi [[ma Enkon|ma tomo Enkon]] (香港) en [[toki Kantun]] (廣東話/广东话) en ante li lon kulupu toki Jute.
* {{nimi ijo|kulupu toki Kin|晉語/晋语}}. toki pi ma lili Sansi (山西) en ante li lon kulupu ni.
* {{nimi ijo|kulupu toki Kan|贛語/赣语}}. toki pi ma lili Sijansi (江西) en ante li lon kulupu ni.
* {{nimi ijo|kulupu toki Aka|客家話/客家话}}. toki Aka li jo e toki ante mute.
* {{nimi ijo|kulupu toki Sijan|湘語/湘语}}. toki pi ma lili Unan (湖南) en ante li lon kulupu ni.
 
== sitelen Sonko ==
toki ante ali pi toki Sonko li kepeken sitelen Sonko. toki Sonko la, sitelen Sonko li "[[sitelen Ansi]]" (漢字/汉字). toki Sonko la, nimi ni li "sitelen pi [[kulupu jan An]]". sitelen Kansi li kepeken sitelen nimi. sitelen nimi li ante pi sitelen kalama. sitelen nimi li sitelen e nimi. sitelen kalama li sitelen e kalama. tenpo ni la, jan li kepeken nasin pi sitelen nimi wan taso: sitelen Kansi.
 
toki ante Sonko ali la, sitelen Sonko li sama. taso, jan li ken toki e sitelen Sonko kepeken kalama ante.
 
nasin ante pi sitelen Sonko li lon. [[sitelen Pin In]] li nasin pi sitelen Sonko kepeken [[sitelen Lasina]]. tenpo pini la, jan li sitelen Lasina e toki Sonko kepeken {{nimi ijo|[[sitelen We Sije|nasin We Sije]]|Wade-Giles}}.
{{DEFAULTSORT:Sonko}}
[[kulupu:ma Sonko|toki Sonko]]
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